Restrictive covenants must be reasonable in scope, duration, and geographic reach to be enforceable under UK law. Courts apply a "blue pencil" test — severing unreasonable parts. Since 2022, HMRC changed rules on Garden Leave and restrictive covenants. Always get legal advice on specific clauses.

• Must protect a legitimate business interest — not just restrict competition generally
• Scope: too wide geographically or in duration = unenforceable
• Duration: 3–12 months is typical; 2+ years very rarely upheld by courts
• Consideration required: if post-employment, additional consideration may be needed
• Court injunction: fastest remedy for breach — can be obtained on 24 hours notice

Legal reference: Restraint of Trade doctrine; Tillman v Egon Zehnder [2019]; Cavendish Square v Makdessi [2015]